Teaching Critical And Contextual Studies In Art, Craft And Design Essay Research Paper Example For Students

Teaching Critical And Contextual Studies In Art, Craft And Design Essay Research Paper Critical studies is now an accepted abbreviated term for those parts of the art and design curriculum that embrace art history, aesthetic theories and the social, economical, political, religious and numerous other contexts within which the practice of art and design, exists, develops and fulfils its purposes. (Thistlewood, 1989.pg viii) Although critical and contextual studies has its own place, referred to as understanding within the programme of study for art, teachers should realise the opportunities of using critical studies to inform the childrens own work in terms of investigating and making. Childrens making is clearly enriched through their studying the work of other artists and designers in much the same way that their language is supported through reading the work of many storytellers and poets.'(Clement 1992, pg.9) We will write a custom essay on Teaching Critical And Contextual Studies In Art, Craft And Design Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There are so many ways in which teachers can use the work of Artists to engage a response off children and inform their making. General discussions, questioning and talking, especially at key stage 1 can stimulate curiosity and interest about works of art, where as specific questioning at key stage 2 may encourage the children to give more thought about a particular piece of art work. The introduction of the National Curriculum placed an important emphasis on understanding in art, stressing that childrens understanding of art, craft and design should be encouraged and developed through teaching them about: visual and tactile elements, including colour, pattern and texture, line and tone, shape, form and space materials and processes used in making art, craft and design differences and similarities in the work of artists, craftspeople and designers in different times and cultures .

Industry Analysis

Industry Analysis Global market forces are identified as responsible aspects in driving major changes within the food and beverage industry. However, the food and beverage industry have also been affected by the constant changes in consumer preferences as well as increasing government regulations on businesses.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Industry Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The beverage industry comprises of both alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. The nature of competition within this industry calls for players to offer variety of products capable of meeting consumer demand; this goes hand in hand with the quality. Beverage industry experiences frequent entrance of new products and this explains the reason as to why there are hundreds of different drinks in the markets from different companies. The beverage industry comprises manufacturers and distributors of various drinks such as soft drinks, energy drin ks, coffee and tea as well as sports drinks, alcohol, nutritional drinks amongst others (Deichert et al 2-9). Trends influence and logics within the alcohol beverage Industry touches such areas as marketing practices, success within trade agreements as well as financial progress. Globalization marketing tendencies have since affected areas of society which were previously not considered as potential economic hubs. The beverage alcohol industry has been mostly affected by globalization which has also affected alcohol policies within different market segments across the globe. The industry is considered superior in terms of economical advantages, its marketing principles focuses on defining, forming and creating goods with target group in mind. Obtaining of raw materials and the overall process of production presents separate entity which has little to do with final product sold to consumers (Tremblay and Carol). Major brewers within the US market are considered to be Anheuser-Busch, Inc., SAB-Miller, and Molson Coors Company. Anheuser-Busch recognized as the major supplier of beer within the market followed by SAB-Miller (Elzinga). One of the most important aspects is that companies should produce beer that is mostly liked by the customers. One of the most sold beer brand in the US are Bud Light, Budweiser, Coors Light, Miller Lite, Natural light, Busch Light, Miller Genuine Draft, Miller High Life, and Michelob Light. USA has one of the largest beer import market with a total value of about $2.7 billion. The overall high demand for beer in USA is because of the growing demand for larger that has low amount of calorie (American Beverage Association).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is intense pressure from competitive forces within the alcohol industry. There are high levels of competition from major brewing countries like the U S, China and European countries (Elzinga). The companies within this industry have resorted to differentiating their final products to suit the current consumer desires. This as a result of the stiff competition between domestic and exotic alcoholic products, creating an environment of mergers for the purposes of gaining cost benefits and market share. The current beer industry appears very attractive for big companies such as Heineken. This is because of the low pressure from suppliers, as well as low threat of new entrants and moderate pressure from buyers. According to analysis the industry is highly competitive since there is presence of many substitutes. These calls for every company dealing with alcoholic products to develop competitive strategies which could help them counter pressures from the global forces. The Porters five forces have great influence within the industry when it comes to designing of strategies within the market environment. However, the level of competitio n within the industry determines the development of products and services that would grant the required competitive advantage (Tremblay and Carol). Trade Publications There is decline in traditional key markets for European beer consumption. Some of the factors contributing to these could be government’s aggressive campaign against drunken driving. This affects greatly the propensity of drinking beer within restaurants, pubs and bars. The overall beer consumption per capita varies greatly between countries with Germany recording four times higher consumption compared to Italy. Brewers’ main purchasing costs include such things as packaging and acquisition of raw materials such as barley. Research shows that the majority of the companies within packaging industry in Europe are international. These include companies such as Crown which produces cans and Owens-IIIinois specialized in glass bottles (Tremblay and Carol). Majority of Americans consume lots of beer since they consider it preferred beverage. Recent surveys shows various percentages of beer consumption with the percentage of beer consumers being around 65% showing an increase in the rate of consumption from previous years. There is an average of 4.5 beer drinks per week based on individual health matters. In the year 2010 statistics revealed that almost 41% of Americans prefer taking beer, 33% wine and 23% liquor (Tremblay and Carol). Table1: Percentage of Global Alcohol Consumption (Source: GfK â€Å"Alcohol consumption† survey 2008, GfK Custom Research/).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Industry Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More WSJE Figures in % Beer Wine Liqueurs and fortified wines Spirits Cocktails/alcopops USA 37 28 3 10 22 Europe 36 40 5 9 7 All countries 36 33 4 16 9 The beverage industry is currently dominated by three major players which are known to control the global market . These major players are Coca-Cola, PepsiCo and Cadbury Schweppes which accounts for 80% of the global market. Coca-Cola commands 50%, Pepsi 21% and Cadbury Schweppes 7% of the total global market. The remaining market share is made up of other smaller companies such as Cott Corporation and National Beverage Company (Deichert et al 3). There is tremendous growth within the industry despite low concentration experienced. The appropriate evaluation of the general development and work of the Soft Drink industry is measured by the size of the market it is sold in and the audience it is focused on from the very beginning. Statistics shows that soft drink consumption commands a market share of approximately 47% in the non-alcoholic drink industry. Recent research reveals that the total market value of soft drinks was estimated at over $ 305 billion in 2004 and over $ 360 billion in 2009. This shows the high level of profitability within soft drink industry (Datamonitor). The industry is currently experiencing growth in other drinks such as tea and coffee with growth rate of approximately 12% as well as bottled water revolving around 10%. There is also inflow of sports drinks and energy drinks (Deichert et al 2-9). However, the market saturation level being experienced in the US markets contributes towards slow growth within the industry. This calls for soft drink companies to diversify their production to other markets for the purposes of maximizing profits (Murray). People who are focused on healthy life style are often customers for those companies that produce bottled water and soft drinks that rises the popularity and provide rapid development of the company. Coffee and tea are considered by consumers to provide caffeine considered healthy by consumers. Starbucks provide special brands of coffee blends to the market making it more appealing to consumer tastes (Datamonitor). It goes without saying that some companies are at the level of competitions at the marke t, for example, comparing companies producing soft drinks and the ones specializing on water, coffee and tea. The big companies have got already established brand names, competent distribution channels as well as high level on capital required for entry into the Industry. The leaders within this industry, Coca-Cola, PepsiCo and Cadbury Schweppes invest so much in soft drinks (Deichert et al 2-9; Murray). Coca-Cola Company recorded highest sales in 2004 on soft drinks with record of over $22 billion. The company currently sells over 400 drink brands within 200 countries around the world (Coca-Cola Company).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Their product line comprises of soft drinks such as Coca-cola, Fanta, Sprite, Diet Coke and Barq. PepsiCo being the closest competitor has soft drink product line comprising of Pepsi, Mountain Dew and Slice and Cadbury Schweppes having soft drinks such as AW Root Beer, Dr. Pepper and Canada Dry (Cadbury Scweppes; Pepsi Company Overview). Financial Analysis In the year 2004, Coca-cola recorded highest sales of over $ 4 billion followed by Pepsi with over $ 3 billion and Cadbury with 0ver $ 1 billion sales (Sicher). Comparing to 2003 and 2004, nowadays the share of the companies for Coca-Cola and Pepsi has greatly decreased. According to the statistic the difference makes up several percentages (Deichert et al 4). Taking into account the research done by the American Beverage Association in 2006, the soft-drink industry sales made up about $ 70 billion. The industry net profit margin was approximately 11% while current and quick ration average were approximately 1 and 0.7 respectively . The overall financial review indicates high competition and less growth within the industry. The top three companies within the beverage industry recorded small rate of profit growth, this could be attributed to major expansions within the companies’ product lines. The companies within the Beverage industry are experiencing average financial stability with slight annual increase in gross and net profits. There is a definite need for increasing the values of quick ratios for the companies to be ale to deal and to collaborate (if possibly) with the short-term obligations (Walker). Changes within the Industry based on Priority Issues Major changes are experienced within the Beverage Industry owing to some factors which are macro-environmental. Many factors contributes towards the choice of drink consumers might desire to take, these include; environmental situations, consumer tastes and lifestyles. Some industrial companies specializing on the drinks productions benefit from e conomies by means of distribution. The free nature of exit and entry of firms leads to several changes. The products of the companies are really wide spread nowadays and it gives great opportunities for the further development of the companies. The mergers have made it easer for companies to improve on revenue as well as increasing market share as a result of increased economies of scale. A good example is the acquisition of Quaker Oats by PepsiCo (Datamonitor). Globalization also presents one of the major challenges especially on the current growth in internet and other technological applications (Deichert et al 9). This has contributed to the expansion into world markets hence increase in competition. There are also major changes in societal lifestyles, attitudes and concerns with more focus given to healthy lifestyle. American Beverage Association. Soft Drink Facts, 2005. Web. Cadbury Schweppes. 2004 Annual Report, 2004. Web. Coca-Cola Company. 2004 Annual Report. Hoovers, 2006. Web. Datamonitor. Global Soft Drinks: Industry Profile. New York, 2005. Deichert, Meghan, Ellenbecker, Meghan, Emily, Klehr Kelly, Zeigler. Strategic Management in a Global Context; Industry Analysis. Soft Drinks Journal 2006: 2-9. Print. Elzinga, Kenneth. Beer: The Structure of American Industry. Ed. Walter Adams and James Brock. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Hall, 2005. Murray, Barbara. Comparison Data. Hoovers, 2006. Web. Pepsi Company Overview. PepsiCo, 2006. Web. Sicher, John. Beverage Digest/Maxwel Ranks U.S. Soft Drink Industry, 2005. Web. Tremblay, Victor, Carol Horton. The U.S. Beer Industry: Data and Economic  Analysis. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 2005. Print. Walker, Tim. Cott Corporation. Hoovers, 2006. Web.

USS Arizona (BB-39) at Pearl Harbor

USS Arizona (BB-39) at Pearl Harbor USS Arizona (BB-39) Overview: Nation: United States Type: Battleship Shipyard: Brooklyn Navy Yard Laid Down: March 16, 1914 Launched: June 19, 1915 Commissioned: October 17, 1916 Fate: Sunk December 7, 1941 USS Arizona (BB-39) Specifications: Displacement: 31,400 tons Length: 608 ft. Beam: 106 ft. Draft: 30 ft. Propulsion: 4 propellers driven by Parson steam turbines Speed: 21 knots Range: 9,200 miles at 12 knots Complement: 1,385 men Armament (September 1940) Guns 12 Ãâ€" 14 in. (360 mm)/45 cal guns (4 triple turrets)12 Ãâ€" 5 in./51 cal. guns12 Ãâ€" 5 in./25 cal. anti-aircraft guns Aircraft 2 x aircraft USS Arizona (BB-39) - Design Construction: Approved by Congress on March 4, 1913, USS Arizona was designed as a super-dreadnought battleship. The second and final ship of the Pennsylvania-class, Arizona was laid down at the Brooklyn Navy Yard on March 16, 1914. With World War I raging overseas, work continued on the ship and it was ready for launching the following June. Slipping down the ways on June 19, 1915, Arizona was sponsored by Miss Esther Ross of Prescott, AZ. Over the next year, work progressed as the ships new Parson turbine engines were installed and the rest of its machinery brought on board. An improvement on the earlier Nevada-class, the Pennsylvania-class featured a heavier main armament of twelve 14 guns mounted in four triple turrets as well as a slightly higher speed. The class also saw the US Navys abandonment of vertical triple expansion steam engines in favor of steam turbine technology. More economical, this propulsion system used less fuel oil than its predecessor. In addition, the Pennsylvanias introduced the four engine, four propeller layout that would become standard on all future American battleships. For protection, the two ships of the Pennsylvania-class possessed an advanced four-layer system of armor. This consisted of thin plating, air space, thin plate, oil space, thin plate, air space, followed with a thicker layer of armor nearly ten feet inboard. The theory behind this layout was that the air and oil space would aid in dissipating shell or torpedo explosions. In testing, this arrangement withstood an explosion of 300 lbs. of dynamite. Work on Arizona was completed in late 1916 and the ship was commissioned on October 17 with Captain John D. McDonald in command. USS Arizona (BB-39) - Operations During World War I: Departing New York the following month, Arizona conducted its shakedown cruise off the Virginia Capes and Newport, RI before proceeding south to Guantnamo Bay. Returning to the Chesapeake in December, it conducted torpedo and firing exercises in Tangier Sound. These complete, Arizona sailed for Brooklyn where post-shakedown alterations were made to the ship. With these issues addressed, the new battleship was assigned to Battleship Division 8 (BatDiv 8) at Norfolk. It arrived there on April 4, 1917, only days before the US entered World War I. During the war, Arizona, along with the other oil-fired battleships of the US Navy, remained assigned to the East Coast due to a shortage of fuel oil in Britain. Patrolling the waters between Norfolk and New York, Arizona also served as a gunnery training ship. With the wars conclusion on November 11, 1918, Arizona and BatDiv 8 sailed for Britain. Arriving on November 30, it sortied on December 12 to aid in escorting President Woodrow Wilson, aboard the liner George Washington, into Brest, France for the Paris Peace Conference. This done, it embarked American troops for the voyage home two days later. USS Arizona (BB-39) - The Interwar Years: Arriving off New York on Christmas Eve, Arizona led a naval review into the harbor the next day. After participating in maneuvers in the Caribbean during the spring of 1919, the battleship crossed the Atlantic and reached Brest on May 3. Sailing into the Mediterranean, it arrived off Smyrna (Izmir) on May 11 where it provided protection to American citizens during the Greek occupation of the port. Going ashore, Arizonas Marine detachment aided in guarding the American consulate. Returning to New York in late June, the ship underwent alterations at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. For much of the 1920s, Arizona served in a variety of peacetime roles and moved through assignments with BatDivs 7, 2, 3, and 4. Having been operating in the Pacific, the ship transited the Panama Canal on February 7, 1929 en route to Norfolk for modernization. Entering the yard, it was placed in reduced commission on July 15 as work began. As part of the modernization, Arizonas cage masts were placed with tripod masts topped by three-level fire control tops, alterations were made to its 5 in. guns, and additional armor was added. While in the yard, the ship also received new boilers and turbines. Returning to full commission on March 1, 1931, the ship embarked President Herbert Hoover on the 19th for a cruise to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Following this assignment, post-modernization trials were conducted off the coast of Maine. With this completed, it was assigned to BatDiv 3 at San Pedro, CA. For much of the next decade, the ship operated with the Battle Fleet in the Pacific. On September 17, 1938, it became the flagship of Rear Admiral Chester Nimitzs BatDiv 1. Nimitz remained on board until passing command to Rear Admiral Russell Willson the following year. USS Arizona (BB-39) - Pearl Harbor: Following Fleet Problem XXI in April 1940, the US Pacific Fleet was retained at Pearl Harbor due to increasing tensions with Japan. The ship operated around Hawaii until late summer when it sailed for Long Beach, CA en route to an overhaul at the Puget Sound Navy Yard. Among the work completed were improvements to Arizonas anti-aircraft battery. On January 23, 1941, Willson was relieved by Rear Admiral Isaac C. Kidd. Returning to Pearl Harbor, the battleship took part in a series of training exercises during 1941 before undergoing a brief overhaul in October. Arizona sailed for the final time on December 4 to take part in firing exercises. Returning the next day, it took the repair ship USS Vestal alongside on December 6. The next morning, the Japanese commenced their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor shortly before 8:00 AM. Sounding general quarters at 7:55, Kidd and Captain Franklin van Valkenburgh raced to the bridge. Shortly after 8:00, a bomb dropped by a Nakajima B5N Kate glanced off #4 turret starting a small fire. This was followed by another bomb hit at 8:06. Striking between and to the port of #1 and #2 turrets, this hit ignited a fire which detonated Arizonas forward magazine. This resulted in a massive explosion which destroyed the forward part of the ship and started fires which burned for two days. The explosion killed Kidd and van Valkenburgh, both of whom received the Medal of Honor for their actions. The ships damage control officer, Lieutenant Commander Samuel G. Fuqua, also was awarded the Medal of Honor for his role in fighting the fires and attempting to rescue survivors. As a result of the explosion, fires, and sinking, 1,177 of Arizonas 1,400-man crew were killed. As salvage work began after the attack, it was determined that the ship was a total loss. While the majority of its surviving guns were removed for future use, its superstructure was largely cut down to the waterline. A powerful symbol of the attack, the ships remains was bridged by the USS Arizona Memorial which was dedicated in 1962. The remains of Arizona, which still bleed oil, were designated a National Historic Landmark on May 5, 1989. Selected Sources Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: USS ArizonaUniversity of Arizona: USS ArizonaNational Park Service: Valor in the Pacific

Should you let your kids drink at home Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Should you let your kids drink at home - Essay Example Indeed the article has emphasized upon how supervised drinking leads the way within such discussions because it allows the parents to know what their young ones are doing and when. There is the important metaphor of being aware about each and every happening related to them that seems to satisfy the parents in entirety. Hence this article is a manifestation of how drinking has been a bane all these years yet somehow it can be triggered to achieve a better outcome in the end. I personally believe this article touches upon quite a few important points which are significant to be highlighted in this day and age. Even though parents would have a problem discussing such matters with their children – the fact of the matter remains entrenched in the belief that children have to be told about the positive and negative sides of drinking by their parents since they are the closest to them. I also opine that this article emphasizes upon the fact that in order to be taken on as ‘cool’ parents, some of these would go the extra mile and do something which other conventional parents would not even get into. They cannot afford to let their young ones go haywire and hence the need to be at their defensive in such a different way. Some would see this as a drastic step but what they might forget is the understanding that these parents are taking such measures to make sure that their young ones actually remain on track. They would allow their children t o drink yet in a measured way, which then again is a step in the right direction (Gillis, 2009). What I have understood from this article is the fact that parents have started to become more considerate towards their children as far as allowing drinking regimes are concerned. It is because perhaps they have come closer to their children which indeed is a good omen for the families at

Women's Rights in India Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Women's Rights in India - Research Paper Example Some held positions of seers and sages. However, there were practices that undermined women rights, for example, forceful immolation of a widow on her husband’s funeral and Purdah which imposed restrictions on women. It required women to cover themselves excessively hence they could not interact freely. In Devadasis, where women were â€Å"married’ to the temple or a deity, cases of sexual exploitation were reported (Menon-Sen and Kumar 113). According to Kashyap (115), women are currently holding positions as the president, the speaker, prime minister and opposition leader among other positions. According to the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts, a third (33%) of the political sits in all locally elected bodies is reserved for women. Panchayat Raj institutions have produced more than a million women who have joined politics. The percentage of women active in various levels of politics has notably increased. Women from scheduled castes (SCs) and scheduled tribes (STs) Institutions have secured 65% and 54% sits respectively, an excess to the allocated 33%. A better representation of women increases the chances of their issues being highlighted. However, women still experience representation in decision-making and governance. Male dominion in politics is still present. Whenever women make initiatives, these initiatives are not accepted in politics. Democracy is the best tool for protecting human rights. Such political subordination has undermined efforts towards the realisation of full human rights by women in the India (Sood 32). Women in India have been allowed to participate in education, science and technology. This has enabled them to find their way into top government and leadership positions. They also work in other sectors within the country and abroad. The government has taken steps to ensure an improvement of women education since

Education for Rizal... Education for me... Essay Example for Free

Education for Rizal Education for me Essay Every now and then my parents keep on telling me that my education should be in the number one slot in my list of priorities. They keep on telling me that I should put a great deal on finishing my studies. They say (like every parents say), it is the only thing they could leave to us when they pass away. So, without thinking about it thoroughly, this idea was instilled in my mind right away. But now that we were asked to write our idea about education and relate it with Rizals, this may serve as an opportunity for me to assess and reinforce this thought. As what the books say, the importance of education is quite clear. Education is the knowledge of putting ones potentials to maximum use. One can safely say that a human being is not in the proper sense till he is educated. The training of a human mind is not complete without education. Education makes man a right thinker. It tells man how to think and how to make decision. Only through the attainment of education, man is enabled to receive information from the external world; to acquaint himself with past history and receive all necessary information regarding the present. Without education, man is as though in a closed room and with education he finds himself in a room with all its windows open towards outside world. The thought that education is indeed very critical for a nation to be at its best is not new to us. Right? Even our national hero has a say on this. In his works and writings, his educational philosophy is the most emphasized. Philosophy may be defined as the study and pursuit of facts which deal with the ultimate reality or causes of things as they affect life. Rizals concept of the importance of education is clearly enunciated in his work entitled Instruction wherein he sought improvements in the schools and in the methods of teaching. He maintained that the backwardness of his country during the Spanish era was not due to the Filipinos indifference, apathy or indolence as claimed by the rulers, but to the neglect of the Spanish authorities in the islands. For Rizal, the mission of education is to elevate the country to the highest seat of glory and to develop the peoples mentality. Since education is the foundation of society and a prerequisite for social progress, Rizal claimed that only through education could the country be saved from domination. Rizals philosophy of education, therefore, centers on the provision of proper motivation in order to strengthen the great social forces that make education a success, to create in the youth an innate desire to cultivate his intelligence and give him life eternal. Another thing, Rizal also sees education as the basis for his idea of an ideal Filipino. We can even observe in all his works and writings education plays a very important role. His characters are greatly shaped by education. For instance, in his Noli Me Tangere, the character of Crisostomo Ibarra, the elements of knowledge and education is clearly depicted. This is the reason why it is said that Ibarra is the character representation of Jose Rizal. He used education as a means towards attaining his aim of Philippine independence. Upon searching for our report in PI which is the Second Wave of Rizals Travels, I came across his letter to the women of Malolos. This letter is a way of extending his admiration to the said women. This also make my previous statements true, Rizal really puts much value on education. In this letter of his, Rizal pleads to the mothers for them to teach their children to love our mother nation and to fight for our liberty. Through this end also, our children will be able to acquire their worthy education. The thoughts of Rizal on education and how he used it as weapon for attaining Philippines independence made me realize its true meaning and importance. I remember, when I was still young, education for me is being able to go to school, nothing more. But it is a whole heap more. Education is a word with too many dimensions, too many to mention. Education plays an important role in the progress of an individuals mind and country. Ignorance and poverty are major speed-breakers in the swift developing country and can be overcome easily through education. You cant really call yourself educated if you can read and write or get flat 1s in every subject. A person who is educated has a certain atmosphere around him, of dignity and wisdom. If you are educated, you dont need to abide by the facts that the book recites, or follow Aristotles philosophy. Like Jose Rizal, an educated person builds on the facts the book says and has his own philosophy. If you are educated, you cant have a wrong philosophy. Education is everything. People are made aware of what is going on in the wide world and can understand these issues and take necessary measures. The quality of human resource of a nation is easily judged by the number of literate population living in it. This is to say that education is a must if a nation aspires to achieve growth and development and more importantly sustain it. This may well explain the fact that rich and developed nations of the world have very high literacy rate and productive human resource. In fact these nations have started imparting selective training and education programs so as to meet the new technical and business demands of the 21st century. The importance of education cannot be neglected by any nation. And in todays world, the role of education has become even more vital. It is an absolute necessity for economic and social development of any nation. Source:Life, Ideas, and Works or Rizal by Zalde.

Mad Cow Disease :: essays research papers

Mad cow disease kills many and is spreading rapidly throughout Britain and is slowly affecting the United States. Mad cow disease is a serious disease that affects many different species. There are different forms of the disease. This disease has occurred in Britain and can occur in the United States as well. Mad cow disease can be prevented.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mad cow disease has several different names. It is called Bovine Spongiform encephalopathy or BSE. Other names are New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or vCJD (Morris). Transmittable Spongiform encephalopathy or TSE is another name. Spongiform encephalopathies are nervous system disorders which nerve cells of the brain die, causing the brain to assume a sponge-like appearance (Montague, Part 1). In 1985 a veterinarian found odd symptoms in a cattle (Morris). Cows in Britain began to die of mysterious ailments (Montague, Part 1). German physicians Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt and Alfons Jakob first discovered vCJD in its natural form in the 1920’s (Shell, Part 2). In 1996 British government conceded that people were falling victim to a degenerate new brain disease linked to BSE (Morris).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some cows in the United States may already have mad cow disease. It is also very possible that people in the United States may have the human form of the disease. Cows are vegetarians by nature. They can be infected when they are forced to eat parts of other infected animals. When animals are slaughtered for human food at least half of the carcass-hide, hooves, entrails, etc can not be sold for human consumption. It’s then sent to a â€Å"rendering† plant where it’s ground up, boiled down and driven into the consistency of brown sugar. Now, it’s sold for feed for cows, pigs, chickens and pets. Eating infected animals transmits mad cow disease or eating animal parts especially brains and spinal cords (Montague, Part 3). Cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry that are exposed to BSE via animal food can secretly harbour the disease (Morris). Scrapie is a disease that has affected sheep for at least 200 years. Sheep infected with Scrapie rub up ag ainst fences or barns until they scrape away their wool, leaving raw wounds, then they die. Scrapie infected sheep are sometimes fed to cows (Montague). Humans can get the human form of mad cow disease by eating infected meat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mad cow disease has a severe effect on animals. The infamous disease has increased 23 percent a year in Britain since 1994 (ABC News).

Merging Context Between Past, Present and Future

Unifying context between past, present and futureIn order to understand how the physical environment of the metropolis icons came approximately, one can look at it as a ‘whole ‘ and try to supply an reading of urban signifiers through their historical and cultural contexts. We will non cover with elements of urban signifiers, but look at the signifiers themselves as portion of a broader Muslim tradition.The PastThe saving of tradition plants at different degrees reflects if anything, differing modern-day maps and ideological demands ( e-g. the demand for legitimacy ) by ascendent elites or their challengers. On one degree, there is the attempt to continue the best illustrations of traditional edifices as examples, beginnings of modern-day inspiration and/or keepers of portion of what its carrier respect as their modern-day cultural individuality. On a different degree, the saving and reuse of single edifices in modern-day society raises serious functional and ideological jobs. Yet, such adaptative reuse appears to be the lone possibility of keeping verve for the edifices and avoiding the museum attack to of import elements of an organic life metropolis. The saving of a individual edifice, whether reused or non, is different from the saving of the character of an country and, here, different standards come into drama. Of these, the sense of urban context is a cardinal 1, as is the inquiry of graduated table, proportions, street alliances, fenestration, articulation of volumes, dealingss between solids and nothingnesss, and, most of all, activities permitted in the public infinite and inter-relationship between the public and private spheres. Decoding Symbols of the Past. Architects must get the edification to read the symbolic content of this heritage in a mode that enriches their ability to bring forth relevant edifices for today and tomorrow, and to steer the â€Å" authentification † attempts between the duplicate shoals of Kitsch and foreign wrongness. This edification can merely come through a reinforced educational procedure which engenders in future designers the critical sense required to decrypt the symbolic content of the yesteryear in a realistic, as opposed to an ideologically mystifying, manner. This, of class, necessitates a wide cognition of the methodological analysis every bit good as the content of historical surveies, a sense of the growing of societies as a procedure of consecutive efforts at tease and above all an ability to see the reinforced environment of the yesteryear as it was perceived by coevalss.Understanding the PresentThe societies of the universe are inescapably societies in passage, nevertheless much some members of those societies may seek to avoid this basic procedure by denying it, or by absolutising a past which exists merely in their ain heads as a counterbalance to the present world they deny and the hereafter which they fear. The demographic, proficient, economic, cultural, political and ideolog ical constituents of this passage procedure are good known. Submerging in a inundation of Western engineering and cultural imports that are often ill-matched to local conditions and insensitive to cultural traditions, societies are today fighting to make a cultural environment that provides them with a feasible sense of self-identity and which is suited to regional and national conditions. Authenticity for an Indonesian will non be the same as genuineness for a Moroccan. Yet there is this all right yarn of commonalty of the nature of the hunt with variableness of the conditions under which it is undertaken. This is portion of the originative mastermind of civilization, whose trademarks have ever been unity with diverseness. Contemporary â€Å" regionalism † must show itself in new and modern-day ways. This truism must be restated often in the face of a strong current that seeks safety in perpetuating the myth that traditional common architecture is adequate. This â€Å" flig ht into the past † must be forced to acknowledge the graduated table and engineering that progressively link and undergird the urban built environment. Slavish copying of the yesteryear is non the reply. For those who would seek, the dimensions of modern engineering and its related infrastructural demands will rapidly remind them that the way of excellence requires creativeness.Expecting and Fixing for the FutureA dateless continuity: reading the marks. Architects must be Masterss of a broad scope of accomplishments and their deployment – a scope fat greater than architectural instruction presently prepares them for. First, architects must be able to decrypt the yesteryear so they can understand how their predecessors viewed their yesteryear, nowadays, and hereafter. Armed with this comparative cognition, they must secondly try to read the marks and tendencies of the present. This is peculiarly slippery as, while edifices last a long clip, current tendencies may turn ou t passing, and become so within the infinite of a few old ages. Third, designers must non merely believe of their individual edifice, but of its relationship to the wider community. Fourth, and most significantly, they must draw all of this analysis together and design and implement a merchandise which, over its life-time, can rightly win a topographic point in the dateless continuity of universe architecture, as have the great edifices of the yesteryear which, speak of excellence, non of an age, but for all clip. ( Serageldin, Ismail, 1991 ) Significantly, the historical and civilizational deepness of a state drama a critical function in supplying drift toward contracting the technological spread which resulted in making two different universes. One is the topographic point of the human existences who belong to the industrial universe, and the other is for those who survive on minor industries. That chitchat generated more uncalled-for racism into this universe.([ I ])Amid these fortunes, the non-industrial states turned to centres for modern disaffection. All the activities associating to economic system have been ideologized, the specialised scientific finds were monopolized off from them, and by and large, steps were secured to maintain the human being of the less developed states in a province of scientific impairment to the involvement of the industrial states.([ two ])Some research workers predict that in the following three decennaries, the range of the scientific and technological subdivisions of cognition that a re clamant for the advancement of states will be identified. This is because, in the approaching period, the modern-day coevals will witness the hugest scientific and technological promotions.([ three ])The scientific technological spread places the modern Arab idea in a lasting challenge, that is chiefly fiscal, because the Arab states, like in the western states, need to apportion fine-looking financess for scientific discipline and engineering in order to convey about a scientific rebellion in their states. The West calculatedly attempts to marginalise the function of the Arab person in the planetary production rates. Consequently, he will go a consumer of others’ productions, viz. western merchandises, intellectually every bit good as economically. The more the scientific technological spread grows, the more consumptive that single will go. Interrupting free from that technological dependance can be attained through uninterrupted scientific work and committedness, and through diging deeper in the field, and saving no clip in set uping strong fiscal and moral substructures. Time is running out more than of all time.([ four ])A group of exterior factors are created to model the Arab idea in a certain manner, as a agency of blockading the attempts done to recover an reliable individuality, and to maintain it from taking right stairss in the way of scientific and technological advancement. As affairs stand, it seems that the wars fought by the occupied states for independency had as pired for rational independency chiefly. The Arab states must prosecute in a scientific and technological competitory war in order to run into the challenges posed by West. It is of paramount importance to happen the route to this.([ V ]) Potentially, the basic stairss in pulling a program for development that agreements with our deep-seated Arab-Islamic cognitive rules can be achieved, chiefly through inventing modern-day scientific-based rational models. The map of these models will be to size up and polish the heritage in an honorable nonsubjective mode. As a consequence, a scientific Arab power of a distinguishable individuality will emerge to the universe with firm stairss.

Strategic Process for Recruiting Employees

Employee planning, recruiting, selecting, staffing and hiring is often a very difficult, timely and expensive task for any organization wishing to survive in today’s economy. In order for any organization to be successful they must attract and hire the most talented employees that fit the culture of the organization. It is the employees that make up an organization, so to be successful they must have a strict strategic process in place to recruit the right people for their organization. There are many strategies that organizations use to recruit employees which include, the pipeline approach, competitiveness, employment branding, sourcing, diversity and technology to name a few. (ere. net, 2008, 4) At Patton –Fuller Community Hospital many of these strategies are used effectively by their Human Resource department. The pipeline approach is a strategy that seems to be one of the most important recruiting strategies because the approach builds a steady stream of applicants, and allows for resumes and applications to come in, and get sorted into areas of expertise that may be needed down the road. It is very important for organizations to plan for a need that may develop as time goes on. It is also extremely important to note that in every industry there lies a competitor. Organizations must take note of what the competitor is doing at all times when it comes to recruitment strategies. This strategy is one that could be adopted by Patton-Fuller Community Hospital in the case of losing an employee; it is always a good idea to have back-ups that may be available or recruited from the competition. Employment branding is extremely important in the recruiting process for any organization, especially in the medical field. The employees are attracted to a hospital’s external image as being a leader in the health care profession. Potential employees need to believe in where they work, and hospitals and other organizations can achieve this by painting this external image of what the organization is all about, attracting many talented applicants. Sourcing is a critical ecruitment strategy for Patton-Fuller Community Hospital. â€Å"If you don’t utilize sources that attract a high percentage of top performers, it is unlikely you will make a quality hire. † (ere. net, 2008, 8) Patton-Fuller relies upon their top-performing employees’ referrals, and recruiters that can screen potential applicants to ensure that they don’t end up with a weak hire. Diversity is becoming extremely important in all industries, but especially in the hospital setting. By hiring diverse people, the needs of the diverse patients that come into the hospital can be treated by a diverse group of individuals with different talents for different positions. Diversity for Patton-Fuller will allow for this hospital to succeed, so it is very important that they take this into consideration for every hire. Technology is the key for many hospitals wishing to survive in today’s economy. With new technologies on the rise Patton-Fuller can continue to advertise their needs on the web, which will save the company time and money by increasing the hiring speed and improve screening. In the medical field it is extremely important to have the most talented, dedicated team of professionals on staff to care for the needs of patients. The employees must be trusted not only by the patients, but also the staff. In order to ensure that the top notch employees are chosen, Patten-Fuller Community Hospital will have to continue to use the recruiting strategies that they currently use and try others as the future of technology is constantly changing.

What Makes an Author Bundle Successful

What Makes an Author Bundle Successful What Makes an Author Bundle Successful? It’s no secret that we at Reedsy like to explore the power of communities and what they bring to authors and publishing professionals (maybe because we’re building one ourselves!). I firmly believe that authors grow stronger when they unite and work together, a prospect that–like indie publishing itself–only gets easier with new and better technologies.While the notion that â€Å"like attracts like† brings independent authors together with other indies, and hybrid authors in commune with other hybrid authors, the next wave of online community-building is a frontier awaiting those eager to experiment and explore new opportunities. Outside the Box: Women Writing Women is the perfect example of that: 7 indie and hybrid authors (all members of the Alliance of Independent Authors) launching  a â€Å"contemporary fiction† bundle, available for purchase on Amazon  for a limited time.Sharing resources, sharing readershipsThe idea behind such a co llective effort is simple: explore the power of the group. â€Å"I’ve admired the power that author collectives like Triskele Books have,† says Jane Davis, author of the novel An Unchoreographed Life, which is included in the Women Writing Women project. Creating a bundle, is, in a way, like forming a collective for a limited period of time.Boxsets usually have an â€Å"expiration date† that functions for two reasons: First, it creates a sense of rarity. This, coupled with the uniting of several prominent voices, makes it easier to generate excitement both among readers and in the media. Or as writer, editor, and bestselling ghostwriter Roz Morris told us in an email:â€Å"We’ve already been interviewed by The Guardian books pages, Books + Publishing (the Australian counterpart of Publisher’s Weekly) and have interest from the arts programmes of BBC Radio 4. If any of us had approached them on our own– impressive though our CVs might lookâ €“we probably wouldn’t have got even a reply.†More importantly, a bundle aggregates reader bases. While it’s likely that some of Davis’s readership already knows a couple of other authors in the bundle, they probably haven’t heard of a majority of authors included. So it’s still a bargain for them to get the bundle and the 4-5 books they haven’t read yet for $12.Cumulated reader bases usually result in cumulated sales. Though sales aren’t usually the #1 objective of forming a bundle, they can unlock additional discoverability potential. Let’s take the example of the Deadly Dozen. This boxset was released in March of last year by The Twelve, a consortium of thriller authors who joined their marketing and promotion efforts and managed to sell over 100,000 copies in the first six weeks, hitting both NYT and USA Today bestsellers lists.Though the boxed set was priced at a mere $0.99, appearing on both bestseller lists tre mendously increased the profile and discoverability of The Twelve, and gave its participant authors access to new readers they might have never have found on their own.The Twelve’s Deadly Dozen was pulled a few months after its release. The 7 authors from Outside the Box have also set an expiration date to the bundle: it will be available for 90 days, and not one more.Why run bundles on a limited period of time if they sell so well? First, there’s the rarity factor that comes with a â€Å"limited edition†. But more importantly, bundles usually record most of their sales in the first few weeks (as do most single books); box sets are more about aggregating existing readerships than finding new ones, unless you hit a list or special ranking or get exceptional PR – which all bring immediate results anyway. Once these readerships have purchased the bundle, there aren’t necessarily many more sales to be made.David Gaughran also shared a similar experienc e with me when I asked him about The Indie Author Power Pack, a box set he released in October 2014 together with Joanna Penn and Sean Platt/Johnny B. Truant:â€Å"The primary aim with the box was to shoot for the NYT. The original plan was to leave it up only for November and December for two reasons. 1) All the promo was front-loaded to try and hit the NYT so sales were naturally going to tail off anyway, and tail off faster than if we were aiming to, for example, maximize sales or maximize income. 2) Plan B if we missed the list was to slowly raise the price as it fell in the rankings and make some money out of it. And 3) Sales of the box set were cannibalizing sales of the individual titles, so it was always going to be a temporary thing.†Raising the voice and standard of self-publishingThere is something even more interesting in the Outside the Box initiative. When I asked the authors about their goals, they didn’t mention hitting lists or even making sales. Inste ad, they focused on the excitement this new projects brings both to them and to readers. Kathleen Jones expressed it perfectly in a recent email:â€Å"I’m intrigued by the contrasts and resonances that are set up when you put seven very different books and authors together. You know your work is going to be read by readers who wouldn’t normally have bought it. There’s an edge to that and it’s very exciting.†The main message that comes from this initiative, though, is really the desire to brandish and wave the indie flag as high as possible. By uniting 7 critically acclaimed works of indie contemporary fiction, their authors hope to demonstrate that author publishing is a valid quality route even in a genre that is still perceived by many as a traditional publishing chasse guardà ©e, according to Jane Davis:â€Å"I would like to change readers’ perception of self-published fiction, particularly those who are clinging to the belief that it i s the preserve of amateurs. I too was sold that line.The fact is that there is a new breed of hybrid authors who look at each writing project and decide if it is one to submit to their publisher or one to go it alone. With the Society of Authors advising their members that publishing contracts are no longer fair or sustainable, my belief is that the predicted growth in self-publishing will now come from authors who are currently under contract.†Roz Morris goes on to express a similar concern, which she hopes this bundle will continue to tackle:â€Å"We want to prove that fine, original authors are self-publishing as a mark of independence and integrity, and doing work of value and quality. You might ask: is that still necessary? Does anyone still consider self-publishing to be ‘vanity’ or second rate? They clearly do, because this is one of the issues we’ve been asked about most frequently.†To achieve this noble goal, the authors spared no effort whe n it came to giving the bundle the polished feel readers expect from sets managed in traditional publication. Each author contributed to production and promotion according to her strengths. Far from a collaboration in name only, the effort seems to have made a bona fide community of these writers that can only serve to better this project and the women’s individual endeavors.Finding the right balanceWhen we think about bundle success, a lot depends on pre-launch marketing and promotion, and on the number of authors involved. But I believe there is one inherent quality to a bundle that the author-partners absolutely must get right: the diversity balance.The books in the bundle must be diverse enough to make the box set interesting for readers (and to reduce their likeliness of having already read all its books). On the other hand, all books in a box set also have to be written in such a way that they appeal to the same target market–grouped either by genre, theme or cor e topic (non-fiction).Even within fiction, the landscape for bundles has become much more competitive. In his 2015 predictions for the publishing industry, Mark Coker announced that he believed this year would be one of collaboration between authors. If that is the case, we are about to see many more bundle efforts across all genres, which might threaten, in time, the â€Å"rarity† factor that has so much to do with their effectiveness.In that regard, the 7 authors of Outside the Box: Women Writing Women are ahead of their time; â€Å"contemporary fiction† bundles are rare due to the broadness of the generic distinction. But Outside the Box has been structured around an original common core that Joni Rodgers describes as â€Å"artistic integrity, serious craft chops and an unshakable belief that books by and about women are important.† Says Jane Davis:â€Å"I think it’s an incredibly strong set of books without borders. I don’t insult my readers b y assuming they only like to read one type of fiction. Visit any book club and you’ll see that readers welcome variety. But the irony of fighting against labels is that, ultimately, it was necessary to define what the box-set was about. Our decision was to focus on our characters and the boundary-breaking nature of our fiction.â€Å"It might very well be that OutsideThe Box: Women Writing Women is setting the template for indie author bundles in 2015. Here’s to their success.- - - We want to personally thank all the authors of â€Å"Outside the Box†, and David Gaughran, for their answers to our numerous questions on their respective experiences.This post was edited by our lovely editor Becca!You can find Ricardo (author of this post) and Reedsy on Twitter: @RicardoFayet  and @ReedsyHQ   What’s your take on author bundles? Have you ever contemplated doing similar? What’s been your personal experience? Do let us know what you think in the comm ents below!

What Globalisation Means Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

What Globalisation Means - Essay Example This paper stresses that globalisation and the initiation of new technologies have significantly changed the way business, government and society are organized. One of the key driving forces behind these changes is a new business model. Manufacturing technology, which began during the industrial revolution, making mass production possible; Transportation technology, like railways, motor transport, steam shipping and aeroplanes, allowing the movement of people, materials and finished products from country to country and continent to continent more quickly and cheaply; Information and communications technology, like the telephone, computers, the internet, satellite television, which have together contributed to both the globalisation of markets and the global co-ordination of worldwide business activities; all these contribute to the rapid pace of globalisation. This article makes a conclusion that major investments are being made by U.S. and European businesses, recognising the advantages of establishing offshore facilities that would complement their operations and production. Many businesses have resorted to interfirm cooperation to streamline and increase the efficiency in their respective operations. Interfirm cooperation is evident in research and development which allows firms to benefit from lower costs and high quality knowledge-based workers while the host country gains from technology transfer, acquiring new technologies and information from research and development efforts.

Equality and debt case assignment 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Equality and debt case assignment 5 - Essay Example Debt financing has a fixed term for repayment. Like loans the terms can be either short or long and is normally raised from banks and small business administration (SBA). It has a fixed rate of interest payable. However equity financing is not repayable; the lender has a right over the business and can participate along with the board of directors, in the annual shareholder’s meeting, to have an active role in the decision making of the company. It is generally raised by family or friends, who are normally called ‘Angel investors’ (Samuels et al, 2000). Also financing can be got by venture capitalists, private equity firms and the investors are normally referred to as ‘Venture Capitalists’(Samuels et al, 2000). This form of financing does not have a fixed cost, but the cost varies based on the performance of the company. Also with newer investors becoming a part of the business makes the business more credible and gains higher attention from the lende rs network (Weston and Copeland, 1988). In debt financing there is a tendency of businesses to rely too much on the mode of financing, however if the company does not generate enough revenues to pay back the loans it could cause a lot of problems for the business like bad credit ratings and can even lead to closing down of the business. Also it makes the company unattractive to investors. If the company has a lot of loans investors would view and classify the company as ‘High Risk’ which would cause them not to make investments in the business (Samuels et al, 2000). The debt to equity ratio normally affects the cost of debt; hence if the ratio is high it would make it difficult for the business to obtain debt financing. Both the sources of financing require to be well balanced, and it is essential that the company carries out enough debt to balance the equity investment however care needs to be taken not to affect the chances of getting